We shall be using The Pearson Square methodrelies on the Digestible Crude Protein (DCP) as the basic nutritional requirement for feed.
The most common ingredients used in poultry feed are whole maize, maize germ, cottonseed cake, soya beans, sunflower or omena (fishmeal).
The farmer needs to know the Digestible Crude Protein (DCP) of the raw materials. Whole maize (8.23 %DCP) Soya (45 % DCP) Omena (55 % DCP) and maize bran (7 % DCP) Sunflower (35 %DCP).
To make a 70 kg bag of feed
Layers require total crude protein content of at least 18 % to meet nutritional requirement.
34 kg of whole maize
12 kg of Soya
8 kg of omena
10 kg of maize bran
6 kg of Lime (as a calcium source)
Calculations
Whole maize = 34 kg x 8.23 ÷100 = 2.80kg
Soya bean = 12 kg x 45 ÷ 100 = 5.40 kg
Omena = 8 kg x 55 ÷ 100 = 4.40 kg
Maize bran = 10 kg x 7 ÷ 100 = 0.70 kg
Lime = 6 kg x 0 ÷ 100 = 0.00 kg
(Total crude protein 13.30 kg)
This means in 70 kg bag, the combined ingredients have a total crude protein content of (13.30÷70) x 100 = 19.0 % which is higher than the requirement of 18%.
Feed for chickens meant for meat
Chickens meant for meat production require feed with a higher content of DCP. From the first to the fourth week, the chicks require feed with a DCP content of between 22% to 24%.
Whole maize = 40 kg
Omena = 12 kg
Soya beans = 14 kg
Lime = 4 kg
Calculations
Whole maize = 40 kg x 8.23 ÷ 100 = 3.20kg
Omena = 12 kg x 55 ÷ 100 = 6.60 kg
Soya beans = 14 kg x 45 ÷ 100 = 6.30 kg
Lime = 4 kg x 0 ÷ 100 = 0.00 kg
(Total crude protein 16.10 kg)
This means in 70 kg bag, the combined ingredients have a total crude protein content of (16. 10 ÷ 70) x 100= 23 %. which is higher than the requirement of 22%.
Feed for Kienyeji chicken
Indigenous chickens are less productive in terms of egg and meat increase. Farmers can constitute feeds with a DCP of between 15 – 16 %.
Whole maize = 34 kg
Soya bean = 12 kg
Omena = 8 kg
Maize bran = 10 kg
Lime = 6 kg
Calculations
Whole maize = 34 kg x 8.23 ÷100 = 2.80 kg
Soya bean = 12 kg x 45 ÷ 100 = 5.40 kg
Omena = 8 kg x 55 ÷ 100 = 4.40 kg
Maize bran = 10 kg x 7 ÷ 100 = 0.70 kg
Lime = 6 kg x 0 100 = 0.00 kg
(Total crude protein 13.30 kg)
This means in 70 kg bag, the combined ingredients have a total crude protein content of(10.68 ÷70) x 100 =15.25 %. which is higher than the requirement of 15%.
To be sure that their feed is of the right quality, farmers can send a sample of the constituted feeds for testing and advice to KARI Naivasha, which has modern equipment for testing feed quality. Results are ready within a day.
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